ABOUT DNA

DNA ( Alm. Normenausschuss Deutscher, Fr. Acide desoxyribonucleique, Eng. Desoxyribonucleic acid) inheritance roleplayingan organic molecule. A variety of nucleic acid. "Deoxyribonucleic acid" takes its name. In short, the "DNA" as shown. Living Things is a manager of molecules roll.
In chemistry, a molecule in general, with the stop and at least two atoms of different situations, all the way denir.1 In general, a molecule, pureall chemical composition of the substance itself and featurescarrying the smallest part.
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Cells of
Cell, organism viability featuresbearing, structure and task in terms ofthe smallest part. In the cell, called the eye. Molecules, atoms, molecules, macromolecules, macromolecular structures of macromolecules oluşturmasıyla, the smallest building blocks of tissues and whole lifefeaturesexhibit is composed of cells. In general, all cells are basically the same structure. However, depending on their texture, and therefore some of the functionsdifferencesshow.
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protein and
Albuminous substances, the most important building block of the organism. Combination of amino acids in a complex organic molecules that have occurred. The word "most important" mean that the protein, the creature really represents the most important item. All living cells contain protein. Proteins are the cellstoplazmasındaalthough the has dissolved. Muscle, liver, organs and tissues, such as 80-90% protein.Bonesystem and the protein is lower than in fatty tissue.
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enzyme synthesis in the roleplay. Alsonewwill bring in the necessary elements of a cell would constitute the essence of the cell division. Protein and RNA, such as other components of the cell because the DNA contains the instructions needed for the construction of a mold, compared to a template or a prescription. The DNA fragments containing genetic information are called genes, but other DNA sequences have structural functions, while others regulate the use of the benefits of genetic information.


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Chemistry as a raft of DNA, called nucleotidessimpleconsists of two long polymers consisting of units. Backbones of these polymers, together with ester bondstiedconsists of sugar and phosphate groups. These two strands go in opposite directions to each other. All four types of a sugar molecule known as one of the group depends on the base. Of these bases along the backbone of the DNA sequence, encodes genetic information. This information during protein synthesis, genetic codethroughdetermines the amino acid sequence of proteins is read. During this process the information in DNA, DNA-like structure of the RNA is copied to another nucleic acid, itprocessingis called transcription.

For the first time a researcher at the AF Mıescwer 19 difference in the cell nucleus has been reviewing these materials at the end of the century.

Although there are less than the DNA in eukaryotic cells as the main core of mitochondria and chloroplasts are also present. Chromatin in the nucleus of a cell, made of DNA and associated proteins.

Watson and Crick in 1953 on the models prepared by the researchers tried to explain the structure of DNA. Accordingly, the DNA is theoretically infinite in length and each other, entwined in a spiral chain of two molecules side by side. This isimaginarywrapped around an axis of ipcompared ladder. The edges of the stairs of a sugar molecule (deoxyribose) and a fluorescent molecule occurs. Staircase attract each other by hydrogen bonds between purine and pyrimidine loose located in the so-called nitrogenous bases. These steps at the side of the ladder depends on the sugar molecules.

Two group of nitrogenous bases in DNA: purine bases adenine and guanine, cytosine and thymine of the pyrimidine bases. These molecules are situations in which one adenine and a cytosine, but a timinle but put together a guaninle. Thesepracticallyindicated by initials. This is according to the situation at all levels, but some can be found in 4 pairs. AT, TA, GS, SG. Each DNA molecule, adenine (A) number of molecules, thymine (T) equals the number of molecules and with each other, but mutualbondcan. Ratios to each other is 1 (A / T = 1). The same conditions guanine (G) and cytosine (S) is also available between the (G / S = 1). But the (G + S) / (A + T) ratio is not equal to 1. This rate is all the DNAdifferentcan. Adeninle double hydrogen bonds between thymine (A = = = T) is located. Sitozinle the three hydrogen bonds between guanine (S º º º G) are available. One base pair, as the structure ofneardoes not affect base pairs. The nitrogenous base-sugar-phosphate group of "nucleotide" is called. Of DNA, is a nucleic acid, the basic unit "nucleotide" is. All the sugar and phosphate groups of DNA nucleotides are the same. Nucleotidesdifferenceis due to the personal bases. According to the nitrogenous bases called nucleotides carry: adenine nucleotide, guanine nucleotide, thymine nucleotides, nucleotide cytosine.

The nucleotides in the DNA molecule of a specific gene sequence and blocks along the Edit dizilmeleriyle molecule occurs. Only the combination of sugar and bases is called a nucleoside. Sarmallık DNA molecule to the right is correct, we completed a tour of all ten double-nucleotide complete.

DNA genetic information is stored. This information can not be seen even under a microscope to count, was placed in a very uniform. This magnificent building in the plan with the human body itself and leaving the astonished scholars examining the DNA in many of the works mentioned the scientific greatness, and who makes itThe size ofbeen expressed.

DNA has two tasks: First, during preparation for cell division is that your own copy. Chromosomes during division of the DNA molecule makes a copy of itself, it is called replication or duplication. This event is required to be found in parts of the same chromosome offspring. Self-replication of DNA during the two-spiral thread that holds together like a zipper hydrogen bonds, such as pop-up. Purine and pyrimidine nucleotides in the exposed ends of the cell pre-synthesized nükleotitlerle completed. Thus, the two identical DNA would have happened. Each cell division in a cell goes. The second task, the information gathered himself RNA (ribonucleic acid) of giving. Thisprocessingis called transcription. On the basis of the pattern of DNA synthesis of RNA transcription directly. Thus, RNA DNA information is transferred. Ribozomlarda information collected in RNA were translated into proteins, enzymes are used in the synthesis of such substances.

Within chromosomes, genes, DNA structure. Every living generation of the individual's life plan and bring about cell memory. DNA molecules are encoded passwords. Into the structure of DNA bases (A, T, G, S), each of which is used as a symbol of the password. This four-letter alphabet of DNA molecules in the language of lifewritten. A meaning of some three consecutive nucleotides of DNA fibers (password) refers. Fourdifferentpassword can be encoded in a row 64-nucleotide (AAA, AAS, AAG, AGS, etc.).. Sıralanışlarının the change in DNA can be expressed in the meaning of thousands of passwords.

DNA, by making copies of themselves, life, reproductive cells transmit passwords from generation to generation. Body structures and characteristics of living things (blue greed, curly saçlılık, slant greed, etc..) Encryption of non-living, and this molecule is a molecule able to copy itself automatically, in other words the secret of life itself, to coverpropertycaring for the men of science, and their amazement, but a divine They state might be possible.

For some reason the changes in DNA structure can be seen in the genes. The changes passed by the same daughter cells. This situation can sometimes cause cancer.